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Relationship among moisture flux anomalies, extreme precipitation, and floods in central Europe
Gvoždíková, Blanka
Floods associated with extreme precipitation are one of the most serious natural hazards, which produce substantial human and socio-economic losses in central Europe. One way to reduce the impact of flooding is by increasing preparedness with better flood forecasts and warnings, which is not possible without a proper understanding of physical processes leading to a flood hazard. However, frequent research on floods in relation to causal precipitation and synoptic conditions is usually carried out regionally, although some events often affect areas of a size of entire countries or even larger. The thesis was focused exactly on these large-scale precipitation and flood events that occurred in the second half of the 20th century and then until 2013, for which the size of the affected area is as crucial in the extremity assessment as the magnitude of flood discharges or precipitation totals. The extremity indices used for the assessment of extreme precipitation and flood events connected both aspects. The larger area of interest defined within central Europe allowed examining the spatial structure of events, the differences between them, and their relation to conditions in the atmosphere. To connect the extremes of precipitation with extremes in atmospheric conditions, the causal circulation was...
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Relationship among moisture flux anomalies, extreme precipitation, and floods in central Europe
Gvoždíková, Blanka ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Nissen, Katrin (referee) ; Wypych, Agnieszka (referee)
Floods associated with extreme precipitation are one of the most serious natural hazards, which produce substantial human and socio-economic losses in central Europe. One way to reduce the impact of flooding is by increasing preparedness with better flood forecasts and warnings, which is not possible without a proper understanding of physical processes leading to a flood hazard. However, frequent research on floods in relation to causal precipitation and synoptic conditions is usually carried out regionally, although some events often affect areas of a size of entire countries or even larger. The thesis was focused exactly on these large-scale precipitation and flood events that occurred in the second half of the 20th century and then until 2013, for which the size of the affected area is as crucial in the extremity assessment as the magnitude of flood discharges or precipitation totals. The extremity indices used for the assessment of extreme precipitation and flood events connected both aspects. The larger area of interest defined within central Europe allowed examining the spatial structure of events, the differences between them, and their relation to conditions in the atmosphere. To connect the extremes of precipitation with extremes in atmospheric conditions, the causal circulation was...
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Heavy snowfall in Czechia and snowfall extremity evaluation
Kolář, Šimon ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Nedělčev, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis deals with selected heavy snowfall events and evaluation of their extremity in Czechia in the period 2009-2013. Based on a literature search, four methods to assess the extremity of heavy snowfall events are described. In Czechia, the only tool used so far is the highest recorded depth of fresh snow, which represents an indication of point extremities. Another option is to evaluate the size of the area with the depth of fresh snow according to the criteria of the Integrated Warning Service System. The third way is the regional snowfall index (RSI), considering not only the size of the affected area but also the number of population in it. It would also be possible to assess the heavy snowfall events with the help of the weather extremity index (WEI), which would quantify the area distribution of return periods of depth of fresh snow at meteorological stations. In the second part of the thesis, the extremity of four selected events is evaluated using the first three criteria and the differences resulting from the tools used are pointed out. The results of the extremity assessment of individual heavy snowfall events according to different indices show a difference in the results in the extremity assessment for the same event depending on the evaluation index used. We record the maximum...
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